Suggest an editImprove this articleRefine the answer for “Which pseudo-elements do you know?”. Your changes go to moderation before they’re published.Approval requiredContentWhat you’re changing🇺🇸EN🇺🇦UAPreviewTitle (EN)Short answer (EN)**Pseudo-elements** in CSS fall into groups by purpose: for content (`::before`, `::after`), for text (`::first-line`, `::selection`), for forms (`::placeholder`), and utility ones (`::marker`, `::backdrop`). **Key point:** these are the main and most frequently used pseudo-elements in practice.Shown above the full answer for quick recall.Answer (EN)ImageThe main and commonly used pseudo-elements in CSS: **1) For content and styling** `::before` - adds content before the element `::after` - adds content after the element **2) For text** `::first-line` - styles the first line of text `::first-letter` - styles the first letter `::selection` - styles the text the user has selected **3) For forms and input** `::placeholder` - styles the placeholder text in an input/textarea `::file-selector-button` - styles the button of an `input type="file"` **4) Markup and utility** `::marker` - styles list markers (`li`) `::backdrop` - the background behind modal elements (for example a `dialog` in fullscreen) `::cue` - styles for video subtitles (WebVTT) These are the main and most frequently used pseudo-elements in practice.For the reviewerNote to the moderator (optional)Visible only to the moderator. Helps review go faster.