What tasks is a queue often used to solve?

A queue is used wherever elements need to be processed in the order they arrive or by level, without going back.

#Main typical tasks

1. Breadth-first graph traversal (BFS): finding the shortest path, determining connected components, finding distances between vertices.
2. Task scheduling: for example, processing processes in an OS or jobs on a printer: whoever arrived first is handled first.
3. Processing data streams: network packets, messages in RabbitMQ, Kafka, and similar message queues.
4. Modeling real-world queues: for example, customers at a bank, requests to a server.
5. Asynchronous operations and event handling: the event queue in browsers or microservices.
6. Buffering: storing data that arrives faster than it can be processed (for example, streaming audio or video).

In all these cases, it is important that elements are processed strictly in the order they arrive, and that is exactly what a queue provides.