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A **link (hyperlink)** in HTML is an element that lets you **go from one page to another**, or **perform an action** (for example, open a file, go to an e-mail, jump to an anchor, and so on).

Links are created using the `<a>` tag (anchor - "anchor point").

---

### 1. Simplest example

```html
<a href="https://example.com">Go to the site</a>
```

What's here:

- `<a>`: the link tag;
- `href`: (Hypertext REFerence) the address the link points to;
- the text inside (`Go to the site`): what can be clicked.

On click, the browser opens the specified address.

---

### 2. Link structure

```html
<a href="URL">text or content</a>
```

| Part | Purpose |
|---|---|
| `<a>` | The link's opening tag |
| `href` | The destination address (URL) |
| `text` | What the user sees and clicks |
| `</a>` | The closing tag |

---

### 3. Types of links

#### External link:

```html
<a href="https://google.com">Google</a>
```

Opens another page or site.

#### Internal (to another page of the site):

```html
<a href="/about.html">About us</a>
```

#### Anchor (jump to part of the page):

```html
<a href="#contacts">Contacts</a>

<section id="contacts">...</section>
```

#### Link to a file:

```html
<a href="files/report.pdf" download>Download the report</a>
```

The `download` attribute makes the browser **download the file** instead of opening it.

#### Link to email or phone:

```html
<a href="mailto:info@example.com">Send an email</a>
<a href="tel:+12345678900">Call</a>
```

---

### 4. Useful attributes

| Attribute | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
| `href` | Specifies the link's address | `href="https://example.com"` |
| `target="_blank"` | Opens the link in a new tab | `<a href="..." target="_blank">` |
| `title` | Tooltip shown on hover | `<a title="Go to the site">` |
| `rel="noopener noreferrer"` | Protection when opening in a new tab (recommended with `_blank`) | `<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">` |
| `download` | Downloads the file | `<a href="file.pdf" download>` |

---

### 5. Inside `<a>` you can place more than just text

```html
<a href="https://example.com">
  <img src="button.png" alt="Button">
</a>
```

The picture itself becomes clickable.

---

### 6. Example of a complex link

```html
<a href="https://example.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Opens in a new tab">
  Go to the site →
</a>
```

---

### Summary:

| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Tag | `<a>` |
| Main attribute | `href`: the destination address |
| Purpose | Creates a hyperlink between documents or elements |
| Additional features | Opening in a new tab, downloading, anchors, e-mail, phone |
| Use cases | Navigation, buttons, links, menus, calls to action |

---

**In simple terms:**
`<a>` is a **bridge** between pages.
It tells the browser:

> "If the user clicks here, go to this address."

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